Investigation of Chemical Mixtures in the Upper Ocklawaha River Basin: Reproduction, Development and Endocrine Status in Alligators, Fish, and Mussels

Specific aims of this project included the following: (1) development and validation of assays for endocrine sensitive endpoints in alligators, fish and freshwater mussels for use in interaction and whole mixture studies; (2) determination of an appropriate combined action model for predicting the effects of binary and ternary mixtures of endocrine active compounds; and (3) testing the utility of binary interactions for predicting the toxicity of more complex mixtures found in the Ocklawaha River Basin in Florida, where putative endocrine disruptive effects have been reported.